Theresa Chu, Jonathan Harris, Lucinda Li, William Pennock
Abstract
Dynamic models of stacked rapid sand filtration has proved elusive in accounting for the diminishing pore space and increasing head loss. Empirical data has shown that head loss increases linearly over time despite filter breakthrough. Dirty filter bed head loss shows that minor losses add to head loss over time. A new model for dynamic filtration is proposed, which models captured particles as embedded rings of flocs in the filter bed. Particle removal through filtration is described with an active filtration zone of empty pores filling up with particles. This zone moves throughout the layer of sand until there is no available pore space and surface area for particles to attach.
